Contact Professor Stewart Williams
- Tel: +44 (0) 1234 754693
- Email: s.williams@cranfield.ac.uk
- ORCID
Background
Prior to commencing at Cranfield University Professor Williams was at BAE Systems Advanced Technology Centre for nearly 20 years. Here he managed a research group investigating mainly laser based manufacturing processes for aerospace and defence applications. This included micro-machining, drilling of fine holes, surface treatments and welding. He was responsible for development of a laser based wire marking method from which a company was set up to exploit the technology. He was also heavily involved in development and qualification of friction stir welding for Airbus.
Previously he was a development engineer at a small company, Edinburgh Instruments where he initially worked on CO2 waveguide lasers and their accessories. Subsequently he developed laser systems for resistor trimming and medical applications. Professor Williams obtained a degree in physics and a PhD in laser physics from Royal Holloway College at the University of London.
Current activities
Main research activities are focused on additive manufacture and laser processing. Additive manufacture research is targeted at large scale engineering structures using the wire plus arc additive manufacture (WAAM) process. A multi project multi-client programme has been put in place, WAAMMat, aimed at maturing the technology so that it can be exploited by industry. The research is tackling problems such as automation, mechanical properties, residual stress and distortion and how to build complex structures. The programme comprises more than 20 activities including student projects, industry contracts and government funded projects. As well as industrial partners we have several academic partners helping us achieve our goal.
Laser processing research is based around using fundamental material interaction parameters for different processes. This is being applied to industrial problems such as laser hybrid welding of pipelines and laser cutting. Pulsed laser research is targeting problems such as dissimilar welding, composite processing and peening.
Clients
Clients of Professor Williams are wide ranging and include:
- Airbus
- ARA
- ASD Westok
- Astrium
- AWE
- BAE Systems
- Bombardier Aerospace
- Culham Centre for Fusion Energy
- DSTL
- EADS
- Faiveley Transport
- GE or oil and gas
- GKN Aerospace
- Heerema
- LCT
- Lockheed Martin UK
- Mann Diesel
- MBDA
- Rolls-Royce
- Statoil
- Subsea Seven
- Tata Steel
Publications
Articles In Journals
- Gornyakov V, Sun Y, Ding J & Williams S (2021) Computationally efficient models of high pressure rolling for wire arc additively manufactured components, Applied Sciences, 11 (1) Article No. 402. Dataset/s: 10.17862/cranfield.rd.13514419
- Suder W, Ganguly S, Williams S & Yudodibroto BYB (2021) Penetration and mixing of filler wire in hybrid laser welding, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 291 (May) Article No. 117040. Dataset/s: 10.17862/cranfield.rd.13547420.v1
- Hönnige JR, Davis AE, Ho A, Kennedy JR, Neto L, Prangnell P & Williams S (2020) The effectiveness of grain refinement by machine hammer peening in high deposition rate wire-arc AM Ti-6Al-4V, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A - Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science, 51 (7) 3692-3703.
- Caballero A, Suder W, Chen X, Pardal G & Williams S (2020) Effect of shielding conditions on bead profile and melting behaviour in laser powder bed fusion additive manufacturing, Additive Manufacturing, 34 (August) Article No. 101342.
- Wang C, Suder W, Ding J & Williams S (2020) The effect of wire size on high deposition rate wire and plasma arc additive manufacture of Ti-6Al-4V, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 288 (February) Article No. 116842.
- Zhang X, Wang K, Zhou Q, Kong J, Peng Y, Ding J, Diao C, Yang D, Huang Y, Zhang T & Williams SW (2020) Element partitioning and electron backscatter diffraction analysis from feeding wire to as-deposited microstructure of wire and arc additive manufacturing with super duplex stainless steel, Materials Science and Engineering A: Structural Materials: Properties, Microstructures and Processing, 773 (January) Article No. 138856.
- Garcia-Colomo A, Wood D, Martina F & Williams S (2020) A comparison framework to support the selection of the best additive manufacturing process for specific aerospace applications, International Journal of Rapid Manufacturing, 9 (2/3) 194-211.
- Seow CE, Zhang J, Coules HE, Wu G, Jones C, Ding J & Williams S (2020) Effect of crack-like defects on the fracture behaviour of Wire + Arc additively manufactured nickel-base Alloy 718, Additive Manufacturing, 36 (December) Article No. 101578.
- Eimer E, Suder W, Williams S & Ding J (2020) Wire laser arc additive manufacture of aluminium zinc alloys, Welding in the World, Available online 11 March 2020 (8).
- Dirisu P, Supriyo G, Martina F, Xu X & Williams S (2020) Wire plus arc additive manufactured functional steel surfaces enhanced by rolling, International Journal of Fatigue, 130 (January) Article No. 105237.
- Egerland S, Colegrove P & Williams S (2020) Influence of shielding gas nozzle design on power density distribution in low-current TIG welding arcs, Welding in the World, 64 (May) 831-845.
- Coroado JR, Ganguly S, Suder WJ, Williams S, Meco S & Pardal G (2020) Selection of processing parameters in laser microwelding. Part 1: Continuous wave (CW) mode, Lasers in Engineering, 46 (5-6) 265-284.
- Marinelli G, Martina F, Ganguly S & Williams S (2020) Microstructure, hardness and mechanical properties of two different unalloyed tantalum wires deposited via wire + arc additive manufacture, International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials, 83 (September) Article No. 104974.
- Biswal R, Zhang X, Syed A, Awd M, Ding J, Walther F & Williams S (2019) Criticality of porosity defects on the fatigue performance of wire + arc additive manufactured titanium alloy, International Journal of Fatigue, 122 (May) 208-217.
- Martina F, Ding J, Williams S, Caballero A, Pardal C & Quintino L (2019) Tandem metal inert gas process for high productivity wire arc additive manufacturing in stainless steel, Additive Manufacturing, 25 (January) 545-550.
- Caballero A, Ding J, Ganguly S & Williams S (2019) Wire + Arc Additive Manufacture of 17-4 PH stainless steel: Effect of different processing conditions on microstructure, hardness, and tensile strength, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 268 (June) 54-62.
- Marinelli G, Martina F, Ganguly S, Williams S, Lewtas H & Hancock D (2019) Functionally graded structures of refractory metals by wire arc additive manufacturing, Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 24 (5) 495-503.
- Dirisu P, Ganguly S, Mehmanparast A, Martina F & Williams S (2019) Analysis of fracture toughness properties of wire + arc additive manufactured high strength low alloy structural steel components, Materials Science and Engineering A: Structural Materials: Properties, Microstructures and Processing, 765 (September) Article No. 138285.
- Xu X, Ding J, Ganguly S & Williams S (2019) Investigation of process factors affecting mechanical properties of INCONEL 718 superalloy in wire plus arc additive manufacture process, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 265 (March) 201-209.
- Marinelli G, Martina F, Ganguly S & Williams S (2019) Effect of shielding gas composition and welding speed on autogenous welds of unalloyed tungsten plates, International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials, 85 (December) Article No. 105043.
- Zhang X, Wang K, Zhou Q, Ding J, Ganguly S, Grasso M, Yang D, Xu X, Dirisu P & Williams SW (2019) Microstructure and mechanical properties of TOP-TIG-wire and arc additive manufactured super duplex stainless steel (ER2594), Materials Science and Engineering A: Structural Materials: Properties, Microstructures and Processing, 762 (August) Article No. 138097.
- Marinelli G, Martina F, Ganguly S & Williams S (2019) Development of Wire + Arc additive manufacture for the production of large-scale unalloyed tungsten components, International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials, 82 (August) 329-335.
- Marinelli G, Martina F, Lewtas H, Hancock D, Mehraban S, Lavery N, Ganguly S & Williams S (2019) Microstructure and thermal properties of unalloyed tungsten deposited by Wire + Arc Additive Manufacture, Journal of Nuclear Materials, 522 (August) 45-53.
- Caballero A, Ding J, Bandari Y & Williams S (2019) Oxidation of Ti-6Al-4V during wire and arc additive manufacture, 3D Printing And Additive Manufacturing, 6 (2) 91-98.
- Ríos S, Colegrove P & Williams S (2019) Metal transfer modes in plasma Wire + Arc additive manufacture, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 264 (February) 45-54.
- Javadi Y, MacLeod CN, Pierce SG, Gachagan A, Kerr W, Ding J, Williams S, Vasilev M, Su R, Mineo C & Dziewierz J (2019) Ultrasonic phased array inspection of wire plus arc additive manufacture samples using conventional and total focusing method imaging approaches, Insight: Non-Destructive Testing & Condition Monitoring, 61 (3) 144-148.
- Sirikham A, Zhao Y, Liu H, Xu Y, Williams S & Mehnen J (2019) Three-dimensional subsurface defect shape reconstruction and visualisation by pulsed thermography, Infrared Physics and Technology, 104 (January) Article No. 103151.
- Zhang X, Zhou Q, Wang K, Peng Y, Ding J, Kong J & Williams S (2019) Study on microstructure and tensile properties of high nitrogen Cr-Mn steel processed by CMT wire and arc additive manufacturing, Materials and Design, 166 (March) Article No. 107611.
- Xu X, Ding J, Ganguly S, Diao C & Williams S (2019) Preliminary investigation of building strategies of maraging steel bulk material using wire + arc additive manufacture, Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 28 (2) 594-600.
- Marinelli G, Martina F, Gangly S & Williams S (2019) Grain refinement in an unalloyed tantalum structure by combining Wire+Arc additive manufacturing and vertical cold rolling, Additive Manufacturing, 32 (March) Article No. 101009.
- Seow CE, Coules HE, Wu G, Khan RH, Xu X & Williams S (2019) Wire + Arc Additively Manufactured Inconel 718: Effect of post-deposition heat treatments on microstructure and tensile properties, Materials and Design, 183 (December) Article No. 108157.
- Xu X, Ganguly S, Ding J, Dirisu P, Martina F, Liu X & Williams SW (2019) Improving mechanical properties of wire plus arc additively manufactured maraging steel through plastic deformation enhanced aging response, Materials Science and Engineering A: Structural Materials: Properties, Microstructures and Processing, 747 (February) 111-118.
- Abbaszadeh M, Hönnige JR, Martina F, Neto L, Kashaev N, Colegrove P, Williams S & Klusemann B (2019) Numerical investigation of the effect of rolling on the localized stress and strain induction for wire + arc additive manufactured structures, Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 28 (8) 4931-4942.
- Dryburgh P, Pieris D, Martina F, Patel R, Sharples S, Li W, Clare AT, Williams S & Smith RJ (2019) Spatially resolved acoustic spectroscopy for integrity assessment in wire-arc additive manufacturing, Additive Manufacturing, 28 (August) 236-251.
- Pardal G, Martina F & Williams S (2019) Laser stabilization of GMAW additive manufacturing of Ti-6Al-4V components, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 272 (October) 1-8. Dataset/s: 10.17862/cranfield.rd.8067644
- Ayoola WA, Suder WJ & Williams SW (2019) Effect of beam shape and spatial energy distribution on weld bead geometry in conduction welding, Optics and Laser Technology, 117 (September) 280-287. Dataset/s: 10.17862/cranfield.rd.8035760
- Michel F, Lockett H, Ding J, Martina F, Marinelli G & Williams S (2019) A modular path planning solution for Wire + Arc Additive Manufacturing, Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, 60 (December) 1-11.
- Meco S, Ganguly S, Williams S & McPherson (2019) Design of laser welding applied to T joints between steel and aluminium, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 268 (January) 132-139.
- Bai X, Colegrove P, Ding J, Zhou X, Diao C, Bridgeman P, Honnige J, Zhang H & Williams S (2018) Numerical analysis of heat transfer and fluid flow in multilayer deposition of PAW-based wire and arc additive manufacturing, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 124 (September) 504-516.
- Hönnige J, Colegrove P, Ganguly S, Eimer E, Kabra S & Williams S (2018) Control of residual stress and distortion in aluminium wire + arc additive manufacture with rolling, Additive Manufacturing, 22 (August) 775-783.
- Charrett TOH, Bandari Y, Michel F, Ding J, Williams SW & Tatam RP (2018) A non-contact laser speckle sensor for the measurement of robotic tool speed, Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, 53 (October) 187-196. Dataset/s: 10.17862/cranfield.rd.4758472
- Xu X, Ding J, Ganguly S, Diao C & Williams S (2018) Oxide accumulation effects on wire + arc layer-by-layer additive manufacture process, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 252 (February) 739-750. Dataset/s: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2017.10.030
- Joesbury AM, Colegrove PA, Van Rymenant P, Ayre DS, Ganguly S & Williams S (2018) Weld-bonded stainless steel to carbon fibre-reinforced plastic joints, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 251 241-250. Dataset/s: 10.17862/cranfield.rd.5379748.v1
- Gu J, Bai J, Ding J, Williams S, Wang L & Liu K (2018) Design and cracking susceptibility of additively manufactured Al-Cu-Mg alloys with tandem wires and pulsed arc, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 262 (December) 210-220.
- Xu X, Ganguly S, Ding J, Seow C & Williams S (2018) Enhancing mechanical properties of wire + arc additively manufactured INCONEL 718 superalloy through in-process thermomechanical processing, Materials and Design, 160 (December) 1042-1051.
- Xu F, Dhokia V, Colegrove P, McAndrew A, Williams S, Henstridge A & Newman S (2018) Realisation of a multi-sensor framework for process monitoring of the wire arc additive manufacturing in producing Ti-6Al-4V parts, International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing, 31 (8) 785-798.
- Hönnige J, Colegrove P, Ahmad B, Fitzpatrick M, Ganguly S, Lee T & Williams S (2018) Residual stress and texture control in Ti-6Al-4V wire + arc additively manufactured intersections by stress relief and rolling, Materials and Design, 150 (July) 193-205. Dataset/s: 10.17862/cranfield.rd.5849985, http://dx.doi.org/10.17862/cranfield.rd.5849985
- Egerland S, Colegrove P & Williams S (2018) Arc instabilities during split anode calorimetry with the TIG welding process, Welding in the World, 62 (4) 831-845.
- Ríos S, Colegrove P, Martina F & Williams S (2018) Analytical process model for wire + arc additive manufacturing, Additive Manufacturing, 21 (May) 651-657.
- Gu J, Wang X, Bai J, Ding J, Williams S, Zhai Y & Liu K (2018) Deformation microstructures and strengthening mechanisms for the wire+arc additively manufactured Al-Mg4.5Mn alloy with inter-layer rolling, Materials Science and Engineering A: Structural Materials: Properties, Microstructures and Processing, 712 (January) 292-301.
- Xu X, Ganguly S, Ding J, Huo S, Williams S & Martina F (2018) Microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of maraging steel produced by wire + arc additive manufacture process, Materials Characterization, 143 (September) 152-162.
- Ayoola WA, Suder WJ & Williams SW (2017) Parameters controlling weld bead profile in conduction laser welding, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 249 (November) 522-530.
- Lockett H, Ding J, Williams S & Martina F (2017) Design for wire+arc additive manufacture: design rules and build orientation selection, Journal of Engineering Design, 28 (7-9) 568-598.
- Coroado J, Meco S, Williams S, Ganguly S, Suder W, Quintino L & Assunção E (2017) Fundamental understanding of the interaction of continuous wave laser with aluminium, International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 93 (9-12) 3165-3174.
- Meco S, Cozzolino L, Ganguly S, Williams S & McPherson N (2017) Laser welding of steel to aluminium: thermal modelling and joint strength analysis, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 247 (September) 121-133.
- Pardal G, Meco S, Dunn A, Williams S, Ganguly S, Hand DP & Wlodarczyk KL (2017) Laser spot welding of laser textured steel to aluminium, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 241 (March) 24-35.
- Zhang X, Martina F, Ding J, Wang X & Williams SW (2017) Fracture toughness and fatigue crack growth rate properties in wire + arc additive manufactured Ti-6Al-4V, Fatigue and Fracture of Engineering Materials and Structures, 40 (5) 790-803.
- Egerland S, Colegrove P & Williams S (2017) Investigation of low current gas tungsten arc welding using split anode calorimetry, Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 22 (1) 71-78.
- Zhan Q, Liang Y, Ding J & Williams S (2017) A wire deflection detection method based on image processing in wire + arc additive manufacturing, International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 89 (1-4) 755-763.
- Font comas T, Diao C, Ding J, Williams S & Zhao Y (2017) A passive imaging system for geometry measurement for the plasma arc welding process, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 64 (9) 7201-7209.
- Suder W, Ganguly S, Williams S & Yudodibroto B (2017) Root stability in hybrid laser welding, Journal of Laser Applications, 29 (2) Article No. 022410.
- Ayarkwa KF, Williams SW & Ding J (2017) Assessing the effect of TIG alternating current time cycle on aluminium wire+ arc additive manufacture, Additive Manufacturing, 18 (December) 186-193.
- Elmesalamy AS, Abdolvand H, Walsh JN, Francis JA, Suder W, Williams S & Li L (2016) Measurement and modelling of the residual stresses in autogenous and narrow gap laser welded AISI grade 316L stainless steel plates, International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping, 147 (November) 64-78.
- Pardal G, Ganguly S, Williams S & Vaja J (2016) Dissimilar metal joining of stainless steel and titanium using copper as transition metal, International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 86 (5-8) 1139-1150. Dataset/s: 10.17862/cranfield.rd.3468905.v1, 10.17862/cranfield.rd.3468914.v1
- Meco S, Williams S & Eiroa D (2016) Laser cutting of AA2024 aluminium alloy for aeropsace industry: How fibre lasers can be used to mitigate crack formation, The Laser User (81, Summer 2016).
- Gu J, Ding J, Williams S, Gu H, Bai J, Zhai Y & Ma P (2016) The strengthening effect of inter-layer cold working and post-deposition heat treatment on the additively manufactured Al-6.3Cu alloy, Materials Science and Engineering A: Structural Materials: Properties, Microstructures and Processing, 651 (January) 18-26.
- Gu J, Ding J, Williams S, Gu H, Ma P & Zhai Y (2016) The effect of inter-layer cold working and post-deposition heat treatment on porosity in additively manufactured aluminum alloys, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 230 (April) 26-34.
- Williams SW, Martina F, Addison AC, Ding J, Pardal G & Colegrove P (2016) Wire + Arc Additive Manufacturing, Materials Science and Technology, 32 (7) 641-647.
- Martina F, Roy MJ, Szost BA, Terzi S, Colegrove PA, Williams SW, Withers PJ, Meyer J & Hoffmann M (2016) Residual stress of as-deposited and rolled Wire + Arc Additive Manufacturing Ti–6Al–4V components, Materials Science and Technology, 32 (14) 1439-1448.
- Donoghue J, Antonymy AA, Martina F, Colegrove PA, Williams SW & Prangnell PB (2016) The effectiveness of combining rolling deformation with wire-arc additive manufacture on β-Grain refinement and texture modification in Ti-6Al-4V, Materials Characterization, 114 (April) 103-114.
- Zhang J, Zhang X, Wang X, Ding J, Traoré Y, Paddea S & Williams S (2016) Crack path selection at the interface of wrought and wire + arc additive manufactured Ti–6Al–4V, Materials and Design, 104 (August) 365-375.
- Ding J, Colegrove P, Martina F, Williams S, Wiktorowicz R & Palt M (2015) Development of a laminar flow local shielding device for wire + arc additive manufacture, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 226 (December) 99-105.
- Meco S, Pardal G, Ganguly S, Williams S & McPherson N (2015) Application of laser in seam welding of dissimilar steel to aluminium joints for thick structural components, Optics and Lasers in Engineering, 67 (April) 22-30.
- Martina F, Colegrove PA, Williams SW & Meyer J (2015) Microstructure of interpass rolled wire + arc additive manufacturing Ti-6Al-4V components, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A - Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science, 46 (12) 6103-6118.
- Ayarkwa K F, Williams S & Ding J (2015) Investigation of pulse advance cold metal transfer on aluminium wire arc additive manufacturing, International Journal of Rapid Manufacturing, 5 (1) 44-57.
- Pardal G, Meco S, Ganguly S, Williams S & Prangnell P (2014) Dissimilar metal laser spot joining of steel to aluminium in conduction mode, International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 73 (1-4) 365-373.
- Colegrove P, Mehnen J, Williams S, Wang F, Almeida P & Ding J (2014) A computationally efficient finite element model of wire and arc additive manufacture, International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 70 (1-4) 227-236.
- Ofem U, Ganguly S, Williams S & Woodward N (2014) Investigation of Thermal Cycle and Metallurgical Characteristics of Hyperbaric Gas Metal Arc Welding, International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering, 24 (3) 206-212.
- Ofem U, Ganguly S & Williams S (2014) Evaluation of laser-assisted gas metal arc welding for deep water hyperbaric application, International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering, 24 (1) 61-67.
- Colegrove PA, Martina F, Roy MJ, Szost BA, Terzi S, Williams SW, Withers PJ & Jarvis D (2014) High pressure interpass rolling of Wire + Arc additively manufactured titanium components, Advanced Materials Research, 996 694-700.
- Ganguly S, Wescott A, Nagy T, Colegrove P & Williams S (2014) Characterisation of residual stress state and distortion in welded plates stress engineered by local mechanical tensioning, Materials Science Forum, 772 187-191.
- Meco S, Ganguly S, Williams S & McPherson N (2014) Effect of laser processing parameters on the formation of intermetallic compounds in Fe-Al dissimilar welding, Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 23 (9) 3361-3370.
- Cong B, Ding J & Williams S (2014) Effect of arc mode in cold metal transfer process on porosity of additively manufactured Al-6.3%Cu alloy, International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 76 (9) 1593-1606.
- Meco S, Pardal G, Ganguly S & Williams S (2013) Dissimilar metal joining using a 8kW fibre laser, The Laser User (30, Autumn 2013).
- Meco S, Pardal G, Ganguly S, Miranda RM, Quintino L & Williams S (2013) Overlap conduction laser welding of aluminium to steel, International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 67 (1-4) 647-654.
- Wang F, Williams S, Colegrove P & Antonysamy AA (2013) Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Wire and Arc Additive Manufactured Ti-6Al-4V, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A - Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science, 44 (2) 968-977.
- Assuncao E & Williams S (2013) Comparison of continuous wave and pulsed wave laser welding effects, Optics and Lasers in Engineering, 51 (6) 674-680.
- Meco S, Pardal G, Ganguly S, Miranda RM, Quintino L & Williams S (2012) Overlap conduction laser welding of aluminium to steel, International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 67 (1-4) 647-654.
- Herbst S, Williams S & Ganguly S (2012) A feasibility study on manufacturing of functionally graded structures using SiC ceramic powder in a steel-based matrix by gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW), Steel Research International, 83 (6) 546-553.
- Suder WJ & Williams SW (2012) Investigation of the effects of basic laser material interaction parameters in laser welding, Journal of Laser Applications, 24 (3) Article No. 032009.
- Martina F, Mehnen J, Williams SW, Colegrove P & Wang F (2012) Investigation of the benefits of plasma deposition for the additive layer manufacture of Ti-6Al-4V, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 212 (6) 1377-1386.
- Marsic V, Zhu M & Williams S (2012)
Wireless Sensor Communication System with Low Power Consumption for Integration with Energy Harvesting Technology
, Telfor Journal, 4 (2) 89-94. - Kazanas P, Deherkar P, Almeida P, Lockett H & Williams S (2012) Fabrication of geometrical features using wire and arc additive manufacture, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture, 226 (6) 1042-1051.
- Padovani C, Davenport AJ, Connolly BJ, Williams SW, Siggs E, Groso A & Stampanoni M (2012) Corrosion protection of AA2024-T351 friction stir welds by laser surface melting with Excimer laser, Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology, 47 (3) 188-202.
- Assuncao E, Williams S & Yapp D (2012) Interaction time and beam diameter effects on the conduction mode limit, Optics and Lasers in Engineering, 50 (6) 823-828.
- Pouquet J, Miranda RM, Quintino L & Williams S (2012) Dissimilar laser welding of NiTi to stainless steel, International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 61 (1-4) 205-212.
- Suder W, Ganguly S, Williams S, Paradowska AM & Colegrove P (2011) Comparison of joining efficiency and residual stresses in laser and laser hybrid welding, Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 16 (3) 244-248.
- Wang F, Williams S & Rush M (2011) Morphology investigation on direct current pulsed gas tungsten arc welded additive layer manufactured Ti6Al4V alloy, International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 57 (5-8) 597-603.
- Mehnen J, Ganguly S, Almeida P, Williams S, Colegrove P, Wang F & Ding J (2011) Thermo-mechanical analysis of Wire and Arc Additive Layer Manufacturing process on large multi-layer parts, Computational Materials Science, 50 (12) 3315-3322.
- Padovani C, Davenport AJ, Connolly BJ, Williams SW, Siggs E, Groso A & Stampanoni M (2011) Corrosion protection of AA7449-T7951 friction stir welds by laser surface melting with an Excimer laser, Corrosion Science, 53 (12) 3956-3969.
- Assuncao E, Ganguly S, Yapp D, Williams S & Paradowska A (2011) Characterisation of residual stress state in laser welded low carbon mild steel plates produced in keyhole and conduction mode, Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 16 (3) 239-243.
- Pickin CG, Williams SW & Lunt M (2011) Characterisation of the cold metal transfer (CMT) process and its application for low dilution cladding, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 211 (3) 496-502.
- Torbati AM, Miranda RM, Quintino L, Williams S & Yapp D (2011) Optimization procedures for GMAW of bimetal pipes, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 211 (6) 1112-1116.
- Suder WJ & Williams SW (2011) Use of fundamental laser material interaction parameters in laser welding, Journal of Laser Applications, 24 (3).
- Torbati AM, Miranda RM, Quintino L & Williams S (2011) Welding bimetal pipes in duplex stainless steel, International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 53 (9-12) 1039-1047.
- Jariyaboon M, Davenport AJ, Ambat R, Connolly BJ, Williams SW & Price DA (2011) Corrosion behaviour of banded microstructure within nugget of friction stir welds in AA2024-T351, Materials Science and Technology, 27 (1) 208-213.
- Quintino L, Miranda RM, Williams S & Kong CJ (2011) Gas shielding in fiber laser welding of high strength pipeline steel, Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 16 (5) 399-404.
- Jariyaboon M, Davenport AJ, Ambat R, Connolly BJ, Williams SW & Price DA (2010) Effect of cryogenic cooling on corrosion of friction stir welded AA7010-T7651, Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials, 57 (2) 83-89.
- Wen SW, Colegrove PA, Williams SW, Morgan SA, Wescott A & Poad M (2010) Rolling to control residual stress and distortion in friction stir welds, Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 15 (6) 440-447.
- Richards DG, Prangnell PB, Withers PJ, Williams SW, Nagy T & Morgan S (2010) Efficacy of active cooling for controlling residual stresses in friction stir welds, Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 15 (2) 156-165.
- Paradowska AM, Suder W & Williams S (2010) Neutron diffraction residual stress measurements in key-hole laser formed weldments, Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 251 (1) 012049-1-012049-5.
- Miranda R, Quintino L, Williams S & Yapp D (2010) Welding with high power fiber laser API5L-X100 pipeline steel, Materials Science Forum, 636-637 592-596.
- Pickin CG, Williams SW, Prangnell P, Derry C & Lunt M (2010) Control of weld composition when arc welding high strength aluminium alloys using multiple filler wires, Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 15 (6) 491-496.
- Altenkirch J, Steuwer A, Withers PJ, Williams SW, Poad M & Wen SW (2009) Residual stress engineering in friction stir welds by roller tensioning, Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 14 (2) 185-192.
- Colegrove P, Ikeagu C, Thistlethwaite A, Williams S, Nagy T, Suder W, Steuwer A & Pirling T (2009) Welding process impact on residual stress and distortion, Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 14 (8) 717-725.
- Pickin CG, Williams SW, Prangnell PB, Robson J & Lunt M (2009) Control of weld composition when welding high strength aluminium alloy using the tandem process, Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 14 (8) 734-739.
- Jariyaboon M, Davenport AJ, Ambat R, Connolly BJ, Williams SW & Price DA (2009) The effect of cryogenic CO2 cooling on corrosion behaviour of friction Stir welded AA2024-T351, Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology, 44 (6) 425-432.
- Padovani CG, Davenport AJ, Connolly BJ, Williams SW, Groso A, Stampanoni M & Bellucci F (2008) Corrosion and protection of friction stir welds in aerospace aluminium alloys, Metallurgia Italiana, 100 (9) 29-42.
- Miranda RM, Lopes G, Quintino L, Rodrigues JP & Williams S (2008) Rapid prototyping with high power fiber lasers, Materials and Design, 29 (10) 2072-2075.
- Altenkirch J, Steuwer A, Peel MJ, Withers PJ, Williams SW & Poad M (2008) Mechanical tensioning of high-strength aluminum alloy friction stir welds, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A - Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science, 39 (13) 3246-3259.
- Richards DG, Prangnell PB, Williams SW & Withers PJ (2008) Global mechanical tensioning for the management of residual stresses in welds, Materials Science and Engineering A: Structural Materials: Properties, Microstructures and Processing, 489 (1-2) 351-362.
- Price DA, Williams SW, Wescott A, Harrison CJC, Rezai A, Steuwer A, Peel M, Staron P & Kocak M (2007) Distortion Control in Welding by Mechanical Tensioning, Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 12 (7) 620-633.
- Richards DG, Prangnell PB, Withers PJ, Williams SW, Wescott A & Oliver EC (2007) FE Modelling of Mechanical Tensioning for Controlling Residual Stresses in Friction Stir Welds, Materials Science Forum, 539-543 4025-4030.
- Davenport AJ, Jariyaboon M, Padovani C, Tareelap N, Connolly BJ, Williams SW & Siggs E (2006) Corrosion and Protection of Friction Stir Welds, Materials Science Forum, 519-521 699-704.
- Jariyaboon M, Davenport AJ, Ambat R, Connolly BJ, Williams SW & Price DA (2006) The effect of welding parameters on the corrosion behaviour of friction stir welded AA2024-T351, Corrosion Science, 49 (2) 877-909.
- Williams SW, Ambat R, Price D, Jariyaboon M, Davenport A & Wescott A (2006) Laser Treatment Method for Improvement of the Corrosion Resistance of Friction Stir Welds, Materials Science Forum, 519-521 699-704.
- Richards DG, Prangnell PB, Withers PJ, Williams SW, Wescott A & Oliver EC (2006) Geometry Effects when Controlling Residual Stresses in Friction Stir Welds by Mechanical Tensioning, Materials Science Forum, 524-525 71-76.
- Ryan P, Prangnell PB & Williams SW (2006) Epitaxial Grain Growth During Surface Modification of Friction Stir Welded Aerospace Alloys by a Pulsed Laser System, Materials Science Forum, 519-521 1169-1174.
- Jariyaboon M, Davenport AJ, Ambat R, Connolly BJ, Williams SW & Price DA (2006) Corrosion of a dissimilar friction stir weld joining aluminium alloys AA2024 and AA7010, Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology, 41 (2) 135-142.
- Staron P, Kocak M, Williams SW & Wescott A (2004) Residual Stress in Friction Stir Weld Al Sheets, Physica B: Condensed Matter, 350.
- Hassan KAA, Prangnell PB, Norman AF, Price DA & Williams SW (2004) Effect of welding parameters on nugget zone microstructure and properties in high strength aluminium alloy friction stir welds, Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, 8 (4) 257-268.
- Johnston C, Chalker P, Buckley-Golder I, Marsden P & Williams S (1993) Diamond device delineation via excimer laser patterning, Diamond and Related Materials, 2 (5-7) 829-834.
- Suder W & Williams S Parameter selection in laser welding using the power factor concept, Optics and Laser Technology, 103 654-659.
Conference Papers
- Zhu S, Salas Avila JR, Yin W, Peyton AJ, Ding J & Williams S (2020) Real-time measurement of electrical conductivity for aluminium wires using a novel calibration method. In: 2020 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC), Dubrovnik, 25-28 May 2020.
- Abbaszadeh M, Honnige J, Martina F, Kashaev N, Williams SW & Klusemann B (2020) Numerical study of rolling process on the plastic strain distribution in wire + arc additive manufactured Ti-6Al-4V. In: 22nd International ESAform Conference on Material Forming; ESAform 2019, Vitoria-Gasteiz, 8-10 May 2019.
- Kissinger T, Gomis B, Ding J, Williams SW & Tatam RP (2019) Measurements of wire + arc additive manufacturing layer heights during arc operation using coherent range-resolved interferometry (CO-RRI). In: Joint Special Interest Group meeting between euspen and ASPE Advancing Precision in Additive Manufacturing, Nantes, 16-18 September 2019.
- Zhang X, Syed AK, Biswal R, Martina F, Ding J & Williams S (2019) High cycle fatigue and fatigue crack growth rate in additive manufactured titanium alloys. In: ICAF 2019 Structural Integrity in the Age of Additive Manufacturing, Krakow, 2-7 June 2019.
- Zhang X, Martina F, Syed AK, Wang X, Ding J & Williams SW (2017) Fatigue crack growth in additive manufactured titanium: residual stress control and life evaluation method development. In: ICAF 2017 35th ICAF Conference and 29th ICAF Symposium, Nagoya, 5-9 June 2017.
- Charrett TOH, Bandari YK, Michel F, Ding J, Williams SW & Tatam RP (2017) Laser speckle velocimetry for robot manufacturing. In: SPIE Optical Metrology 2017, Munich, 26-29 June 2017. Dataset/s: http://dx.doi.org/10.17862/cranfield.rd.4868222
- Roy MJ, Williams S, Colegrove P, Ganguly S & Hönnige JR (2016) Residual stress characterization and control in the additive manufacture of large scale metal structures. In: International Conference on Residual Stresses (ICRS-10), Sydney, 3-7 July 2016.
- Xu F, Madhaven N, Dhokia V, McAndrew AR, Colegrove PA, Williams S, Henstridge A & Newman ST (2016) Multi-sensor system for wire-fed additive manufacture of titanium alloys. In: 26th International Conference on Flexible Automation and Intelligent Manufacturing (FAIM 2016), Seoul, 27-30 June 2016.
- Bandari Y, Charrett T, Michel F, Ding J, Williams S & Tatam R (2016) Compensation strategies for robotic motion errors for additive manufacturing. In: 27th Annual International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium, 2016, Austin, Texas, 8-10 August 2016.
- Suder W, Ganguly S, Williams SW & Yudodibroto B (2014) Mixing of filler wire in deep penetration hybrid laser arc welding . In: 67th IIW International Conference, Seoul, 17-18 July 2014.
- Martina F, Williams S & Colegrove P (2013) Design of an empirical process model and algorithm for the Tungsten Inert Gas wire+arc additive manufacture of TI-6AL-4V components. In: 24th International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium, 2013, Austin, Texas, 12-14 August 2013.
- Martina F, Williams S & Colegrove P Improved microstructure and increased mechanical properties of additive manufacture produced TI-6AL-4V by interpass cold rolling. In: 24th International Solid Freeform Fabrication Symposium, 2013, Austin, Texas, 12-14 August 2013.
- Marsic V, Giuliano A, Pozzi M, Zhu M & Williams S
(2012)
Performance Testing of a Low Power Consumption Wireless Sensor Communication System Integrated with an Energy Harvesting Power Source
. In: Third International Conference on Sensor Device Technologies and Applications 2012 (SENSORDEVICES 2012), Rome, 19 August 2012. - Marsic V, Giuliano A, Pozzi M, Zhu M & Williams S (2012) Performance testing of a low power consumption wireless sensor communication system integrated with an energy harvesting power source. In: Third International Conference on Sensor Device Technologies and Applications 2012 (SENSORDEVICES 2012), Rome, 19 August 2012.
- Marsic V, Zhu M & Williams S (2012) Design and implementation of a wireless sensor communication system with low power consumption for energy harvesting technology. In: 2011 19th Telecommunications Forum (TELFOR 2011), Belgrade, 22-24 November 2011.
- Williams S & Suder W (2011) Use of fundamental laser material interaction parameters in laser welding. In: 2011 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, Baltimore, 1 May 2011.
- Irving P, Ma Y, Zhang X, Servetti G, Williams S, Moore G, Dos Santos J & Pacchione M (2009) Control of crack growth rates and crack trajectories for enhanced fail safety and damage tolerance in welded aircraft structures. In: ICAF 2009 Bridging the gap between theory & operational practice, Rotterdam, 27-29 May 2009.
- Williams SW (2009) Rolling of friction stir welds for residual stress and distortion control. In: 9th International Seminar on Numerical Analysis of Weldability, Graz-Seggau, Austria, 28 September 2009.
- Colegrove PA, Simiand PE, Varughese A, Williams SW & Yapp D (2008) Evaluation of a drilling model approach to represent laser spot microwelding. In: Trends in Welding Engineering, Georgia, USA, 1-6 June 2008.
- Colegrove PA & Williams SW (2008) The impact of different types of welding processes on the residual stress and distortion in 4mm thick butt welds of ship plate. In: 8th International Conference Trends in Welding Research, Georgia, USA, 1 June 2008.
- Kong CJ, Williams S, Colegrove P & Lopes G (2007) The micro-welding ability of 100W high brightness fibre laser on 316L stainless steel. In: 26th International Congress on Applications of Lasers and Electro-Optics, Orlando, Fl, 29 October 2007.
- Ambat R, Jariyaboon M, Davenport AJ, Williams SW, Price DA & Wescott A (2002) Micro-electrochemical investigations of friction stir welds in aluminium aerospace alloy 2024. In: Proceedings of the 15th International Corrosion Congress, Granada, Spain, 22 September 2002.
- Hannour F, Davenport AJ, Williams SW, Morgan PC & Figures CC (2001) Corrosion Behaviour of Laser Treated Friction Stir Welds in High Strength Aluminium Alloys. In: Proceedings of 3rd International Symposium on Friction Stir Welding, Kobe, Japan, 27 September 2001.
- Assuncao DE, Ganguly S, Yapp D & Williams S Conduction mode: broadening the range of applications for laser welding. In: International Conference on Advances in Welding Science and Technology for Construction, Energy and Transportation (AWST 2010), Istanbul, 11 July 2010.
- Assuncao E, Williams S & Yapp D Interaction time effects on the transition between conduction and keyhole laser welding. In: 29th International Congress on Applications of Lasers and Electro-Optics, Anaheim, California, 24 September 2010.
Books
- Neto L, Williams S, Ding J, Hönnige J & Martina F (2020) Mechanical properties enhancement of additive manufactured Ti-6Al-4V by machine hammer peening. In: Advanced Surface Enhancement: Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Advanced Surface Enhancement (INCASE 2019) - Research Towards Industrialisation, Springer, p. 121-132.
- Colegrove PA, Shercliff H, Robson J, Kamp N, Sullivan A & Williams S (2007) Integrated Process Modelling of Friction Stir Welding. In: Mathematical Modelling of Weld Phenomena 8. Cerjak H, Bhadeshia HKDH, Kozeschnik E (ed.), Graz, Austria: styria Printshop Druck GmbH, p. 649-679, ed. First.
- Williams SW (2004) Drilling. In: Handbook of Laser Technology and Applications, Institute of Physics Publishing, p. 1633-1653.