Contact Dr Wen-Chin Li
- Tel: +44 (0) 1234 758527
- Email: wenchin.li@cranfield.ac.uk
- ORCID
- Google Scholar
- ResearchGate
Areas of expertise
- Air Transport Safety & Investigation
- Aircraft Design
- Ergonomics, Human Factors, Driver Safety
- Human Factors for Defence
- Industrial Ergonomics and Human Factors
- Safety, Resilience, Risk & Reliability
Background
Dr. Wen-Chin Li is a Reader in Human Factor and Digital Aviation at the Safety and Accident Investigation Centre, School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing in the Cranfield University. He holds a PhD in Aviation Safety and Human Factors from Cranfield University. He is a Fellow of the Royal Aeronautical Society (FRAeS), a Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Ergonomics and Human Factors (FCIEHF), and an Aviation Human Factors Specialist at the European Association of Aviation Psychology (EAAP).
Research opportunities
Dr. Li is the Chair of the International Conference on Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics (EPCE); and the Technical Committee on Aerospace Human Factors and Ergonomics of the International Ergonomics Association (IEA). He holds Private Pilots' License issued by CAA, U.K., and he has published over 150 journal articles, conference proceedings, book and book chapters regarding Aviation Safety, Eye-Tracking and Attention Distribution, Flight Deck Design, Human Factors Assessment, Human-Computer Interactions, Human-System Integration Design, and Resilience. Currently, he is interested in providing supervision to the following research topics,
1. Human-Centric Design on Virtual Flight Data Recorder
2. Single Pilot Operation Flight Deck Design
3. Human-System Integration on Digital Tower Operations
4. Application of Biofeedback/Eye Tracking for Digital Aviation
5. Cross-Cultural Safety Management and Safety Resilience
Current activities
Dr. Li has served on the board of several International Committees, and he has chaired over 30 parallel sessions at international conferences on HCII, CIEHF, HCI-Aero and EAAP. He has won the Best Paper award from the International Journal of Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing and Service Industries in 2020, the Best Lecturer Award at Cranfield University in 2022, and the Best Paper Award at the 7th International Conference on Transportation Information and Safety (ICTIS 2023). Furthermore, he has supervised and supported research students who won international awards including Kapustin Award (ISASI 2016, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023), Best Student Design Gold Award (HCII 2023), Best Student Thesis (CIEHF 2022), USAIRE Students Award (2021), and Single European Sky Award (2017) on the following topics, Accident Investigation, AI and Augmented Reality Application, Multiple Digital Tower Operations, Flight Data Monitoring, Human-System Integration, Resilience and Fatigue Risk Management. Currently, he is an active researcher for Aviation Regulators, Safety and Accident Investigator Society, Airlines and Airport Digital Tower Operations.
Clients
- British Airways
- CGI Inc
- Beijing Daxing International Airport
- EasyJet PLC
- Rolls-Royce Holdings PLC
- Armée de l'air et de l'espace
- Irish Aviation Authority
- Ports of Jersey
- SAAB AB
Publications
Articles In Journals
- Li W, Zhang J & Kearney P. (2023). Psychophysiological coherence training to moderate air traffic controllers’ fatigue on rotating roster. Risk Analysis, 43(2)
- Li W-C, Zhang J, Braithwaite G & Kearney P. (2023). Quick coherence technique facilitating commercial pilots’ psychophysiological resilience to the impact of COVID-19. Ergonomics, 66(8)
- Li W-C, Nichanian A, Lin J & Braithwaite G. (2023). Investigating the impacts of COVID-19 on aviation safety based on occurrences captured through flight data monitoring. Ergonomics, 66(10)
- Li WC, Korek WT, Liang YH & Lin JJH. (2023). Touchscreen Controls for Future Flight Deck Design: Investigating Visual Parameters on Human-Computer Interactions between Pilot Flying and Pilot Monitoring. Journal of Aeronautics, Astronautics and Aviation, 55(2)
- Chan WT-K & Li W-C. (2023). Development of effective human factors interventions for aviation safety management. Frontiers in Public Health, 11
- Li W-C, Nichanian A, Lin J & Braithwaite G. (2023). What can we learn from severity index on flight data monitoring? Analysis of safety resilience in flight operations during COVID-19 disruptions. Ergonomics, ahead-of-print(ahead-of-print)
- Harris D & Li WC. (2023). Preface. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics), 14017 LNAI
- Li W-C, Moore P, Zhang J, Lin J & Kearney P. (2022). The impact of out-the-window size on air traffic controllers’ visual behaviours and response time on digital tower operations. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 166(October)
- Chan WT-K & Li W-C. (2022). Investigating professional values among pilots, cabin crew, ground staff, and managers to develop aviation safety management systems. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 92(November)
- Li W-C, Zhang J, Court S, Kearney P & Braithwaite G. (2022). The influence of augmented reality interaction design on Pilot's perceived workload and situation awareness. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 92(November)
- Li W-C, Wang Y & Korek WT. (2022). To be or not to be? Assessment on using touchscreen as inceptor in flight operation. Transportation Research Procedia, 66(C)
- Manikath E & Li W-C. (2022). Developing an innovative health monitoring device to improve communication between passengers and cabin attendants during Inflight Emergencies. Transportation Research Procedia, 66(C)
- Li W, Kearney P, Zhang J, Hsu Y & Braithwaite G. (2021). The Analysis of Occurrences Associated with Air Traffic Volume and Air Traffic Controllers’ Alertness for Fatigue Risk Management. Risk Analysis, 41(6)
- Li W-C, Horn A, Sun Z, Zhang J & Braithwaite G. (2020). Augmented visualization cues on primary flight display facilitating pilot's monitoring performance. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 135
- Li W-C, Braithwaite G, Wang T, Yung M & Kearney P. (2020). The benefits of integrated eye tracking with airborne image recorders in the flight deck: A rejected landing case study. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 78
- Wu M, Zhang L, Li W-C, Wan L, Lu N, .... (2020). Human Performance Analysis of Processes for Retrieving Beidou Satellite Navigation System During Breakdown. Frontiers in Psychology, 11
- Kearney P, Li W, Zhang J, Braithwaite G & Wang L. (2020). Human performance assessment of a single air traffic controller conducting multiple remote tower operations. Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing & Service Industries, 30(2)
- Li W, Zakarija M, Yu C & McCarty P. (2020). Interface design on cabin pressurization system affecting pilot's situation awareness: The comparison between digital displays and pointed displays. Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing & Service Industries, 30(2)
- Li W-C, Zhang J, Le Minh T, Cao J & Wang L. (2019). Visual scan patterns reflect to human-computer interactions on processing different types of messages in the flight deck. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 72
- Kearney P, Li W-C, Yu C-S & Braithwaite G. (2019). The impact of alerting designs on air traffic controller’s eye movement patterns and situation awareness. Ergonomics, 62(2)
- Harris D & Li W-C. (2019). Using Neural Networks to predict HFACS unsafe acts from the pre-conditions of unsafe acts. Ergonomics, 62(2)
- Stanton NA, Li W-C & Harris D. (2019). Editorial: Ergonomics and Human Factors in Aviation. Ergonomics, 62(2)
- Li W-C, Kearney P, Braithwaite G & Lin JJH. (2018). How much is too much on monitoring tasks? Visual scan patterns of single air traffic controller performing multiple remote tower operations. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 67
- Kearney P & Li W-C. (2018). Multiple remote tower for Single European Sky: The evolution from initial operational concept to regulatory approved implementation. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 116
- Stanton NA, Li W-C & Harris D. (2017). Ergonomics and Human Factors in Aviation. Ergonomics, 60(1)
- Kearney P, Li W-C & Lin JJH. (2016). The impact of alerting design on air traffic controllers' response to conflict detection and resolution. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 56
- Yu C-S, Wang EM-Y, Li W-C, Braithwaite G & Greaves M. (2016). Pilots’ Visual Scan Patterns and Attention Distribution During the Pursuit of a Dynamic Target. Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance, 87(1)
- Li W-C, Yu C-S, Braithwaite G & Greaves M. (2016). Pilots’ Attention Distributions Between Chasing a Moving Target and a Stationary Target. Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance, 87(12)
- Yu C-S, Wang EM-Y, Li W-C & Braithwaite G. (2014). Pilots’ Visual Scan Patterns and Situation Awareness in Flight Operations. Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, 85(7)
- Li W-C & Harris D. (2013). Identifying Training Deficiencies in Military Pilots by Applying the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 19(1)
- Harris D & Li W-C. (2011). An extension of the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System for use in open systems. Theoretical Issues in Ergonomics Science, 12(2)
- Hsu Y-L, Li W-C & Chen K-W. (2010). Structuring critical success factors of airline safety management system using a hybrid model. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 46(2)
- Harris D & Li W-C. (2008). Cockpit Design and Cross-Cultural Issues Underlying Failures in Crew Resource Management. Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, 79(5)
- Li W-C, Harris D & Yu C-S. (2008). Routes to failure: Analysis of 41 civil aviation accidents from the Republic of China using the human factors analysis and classification system. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 40(2)
- Li W-C & Harris D. (2008). The Evaluation of the Effect of a short Aeronautical Decision-Making Training Program for Military Pilots. The International Journal of Aviation Psychology, 18(2)
- Li W-C & Harris D. (2007). A systems approach to training aeronautical decision making: from identifying training needs to verifying training solutions. The Aeronautical Journal, 111(1118)
- Li WC, Harris D & Chen A. (2007). Eastern minds in western cockpits: Meta-analysis of human factors in mishaps from three nations. Aviation Space and Environmental Medicine, 78(4 I)
- Li WC & Harris D. (2006). Pilot error and its relationship with higher organizational levels: HFACS analysis of 523 accidents. Aviation Space and Environmental Medicine, 77(10)
- Li WC & Harris D. (2005). Aeronautical decision making: Instructor-pilot evaluation of five Mnemonic methods. Aviation Space and Environmental Medicine, 76(12)
Conference Papers
- Manikath E, Li W-C & Piotrowski P. (2024). Usability Assessment on Existing Alerting Designs for Emergency Communication between Passengers and Cabin Crews
- Manikath E, Li W-C, Piotrowski P & Zhang J. (2023). Usability Evaluation of an Emergency Alerting System to Improve Discrete Communication During Emergencies
- Nichanian A & Li W-C. (2023). Analysis of Airline Pilots’ Risk Perception While Flying During COVID-19 Through Flight Data Monitoring and Air Safety Reports
- Nagasawa T & Li W-C. (2023). The Application of a Human-Centred Design Integrated Touchscreen Display with Automated Electronic Checklist in the Flight Deck
- Zhang J, Li W-C & Korek WT. (2023). Applying Touchscreen as Flight Control Inceptor: Investigating the Perceived Workload of Interacting with Sidestick and Touchscreen Inceptors
- Wang Y, Yang L, Korek WT, Zhao Y & Li W-C. (2023). The Evaluations of the Impact of the Pilot’s Visual Behaviours on the Landing Performance by Using Eye Tracking Technology
- Chan W & Li W-C. (2023). Perception of Causal Factors in Flight Operations Between Ab-Initio and Expatriate Pilots
- Chan WT-K & Li W-C. (2023). A Comparative Evaluation of Human Factors Intervention Approaches in Aviation Safety Management
- Zhang J, Korek WT & Li W-C. (2023). Pilots' Perceived Workload and Flight Performance while Interacting with Touchscreen Inceptor during Instrument Landings
- Manikath E & Li W-C. (2022). Usability Evaluation of a Web Interface for Passengers’ Health Monitoring System on Detecting Critical Medical Conditions
- Li W-C, Liang Y-H, Korek WT & Lin JJH. (2022). Assessments on Human-Computer Interaction Using Touchscreen as Control Inputs in Flight Operations
- Korek WT, Li W-C, Lu L & Lone M. (2022). Investigating Pilots’ Operational Behaviours While Interacting with Different Types of Inceptors
- Chan WTK & Li WC. (2022). Challenges and solutions from accident investigators’ different professional backgrounds related to data collection and interpretation
- Zhang J, Li W-C & Andrews G. (2022). Applying psychophysiological coherence training based on HRV-biofeedback to enhance pilots’ resilience and wellbeing
- Kenny S & Li W-C. (2022). The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Air Traffic Controllers’ Performance: Addressing Skill Fade Concerns in Preparation for the Return to Normal Operations
- Chan WT-K & Li W-C. (2022). Cultural Effects on the Selection of Aviation Safety Management Strategies
- Li W-C, Zhang J, Kearney P & Braithwaite G. (2021). Psychophysical Coherence Training Regulating Air Traffic Controller’s Heart Rate Variability and Resilience to Fatigue
- Zou P, Li W-C & Zhang J. (2021). Implementation Digital Tower for Apron Control on a Large-Scale of International Airport
- Chan WT-K & Li W-C. (2021). Culture’s Consequences on the Categorisation of Causal Factors in Aviation Accident Reports
- Korek WT, Mendez A, Asad HU, Li W-C & Lone M. (2020). Understanding Human Behaviour in Flight Operation Using Eye-Tracking Technology
- Li W-C, Yan Z, Zhang J, Braithwaite G, Court S, .... (2020). Evaluating Pilot’s Perceived Workload on Interacting with Augmented Reality Device in Flight Operations
- Li WC, Lin J, Braithwaite G & Greaves M. (2016). The development of eye tracking in aviation (ETA) technique to investigate pilots' cognitive processes of attention and decision making
- Li W-C, Braithwaite G, Greaves M, Hsu C-K & Lin S-C. (2016). The evaluation of military pilot's attention distributions on the flight deck
- Li WC, Yu CS, Braithwaite G & Greaves M. (2015). The analysis of pilots fixation distribution for performing air-to-air and air-to-surface tasks
- Li W-C, Yu C-S, Greaves M & Braithwaite G. (2015). How Cockpit Design Impacts Pilots’ Attention Distribution and Perceived Workload during Aiming a Stationary Target
- Lin S-C, Chen J-C & Li W-C. (2015). The Analysis of Human Error Prevention Strategies in Military Aviation
- Li W-C, Yu C-S, Braithwaite G & Greaves M. (2015). Interface Design and Pilot Attention Distribution Whilst Pursuing a Dynamic Target
- Hsu C-K, Lin S-C & Li W-C. (2015). Visual Movement and Mental-Workload for Pilot Performance Assessment
- Li W-C, Braithwaite G & Yu C-S. (2014). The Investigation of Pilots’ Eye Scan Patterns on the Flight Deck during an Air-to-Surface Task
- Li W-C, Yu C-S, Li L-W & Greaves M. (2014). Pilots’ eye movement patterns during performing air-to-air mission
- Chen JC, Lin SC & Li WC. (2014). Utilization of Human Factors Intervention Matrix (HFIX) to develop aviation safety management strategy
- Li WC, Chiu FC & Wu KJ. (2012). The Evaluation of Pilots Performance and Mental Workload by Eye Movement
- Li WC, Harris D, Hsu Y-L & Wang T. (2011). Understanding Pilots’ Cognitive Processes for Making In-flight Decisions under Stress
- Li WC, Harris D, Li LW, Hsu YL & Wang T. (2010). Investigating Accidents Related to Errors of Aeronautical Decision-Making in Flight Operations
- Li WC, Harris D, Li LW, Hsu YL, Wang T, .... (2010). Pilots' problem-solving processes using different aeronautical decision-making mnemonics
- Li WC, Harris D, Stanton N, Hsu YL, Chang D, .... (2009). Human Error Prevention: Using the Human Error Template to Analyze Errors in a Large Transport Aircraft for Human Factors Considerations
- Li WC, Young HT, Wang T & Harris D. (2009). Approaches to accident investigation by investigators from different cultures
- Li WC, Hsu YL, Chang D, Wang T & Harris D. (2009). Formal error prediction: The evaluation of standard operating procedures in a large commercial transport aircraft
- Li W-C, Harris D, Hsu Y-L & Li L-W. (2009). The Application of Human Error Template (HET) for Redesigning Standard Operational Procedures in Aviation Operations
- Hsu YL, Liu TC & Li WC. (2008). Structuring Risk Factors Related To Airline Cabin Safety
- Li WC, Young HT, Wang T & Harris D. (2007). International cooperation and challenges: Understanding cross-cultural issues in the processes of accident
- Li WC, Harris D & Yu CS. (2007). How to apply mnemonic-methods for improving pilots in-flight decision-making
- Li W-C & Harris D. (2007). From Latent Failure to Active Failure: The Investigation of Human Errors in Aviation Operation
- Li WC & Harris D. (2007). The investigation of human error in civil aviation by using human factors analysis and classification system
- Li W-C & Harris D. (2006). Shor and Deside: Evaluating the Effectiveness of ADM Training Using a Flight Simulator
- Li WC & Harris D. (2006). Eastern minds in western cockpits: A cross-cultural comparison of aviation mishaps by applying human factors analysis and classification system
- Li WC & Harris D. (2006). Breaking the chain: An empirical analysis of accident causal factors by human factors analysis and classification system
- Li WC, Harris D & Hsieh CC. (2006). The evaluation of product and process for in-flight decision-making training
- Li W-C. (2005). The Investigation of Suitability of Aeronautical Decision-making Mnemonics in Tactical Environments
- Li W-C, Zhang J, Kearney P & Braithwaite G. Exploring Air Traffic Controllers Rosters for Fatigue Risk Management
- Chan WT-K & Li W-C. Consideration of Cultural Differences in Future Workplace Design for Single Pilot Operations
- Chan WTK & Li WC. Training for future investigators: understanding cultural effects on standardization and international cooperation
Books
- Manikath E, Li WC, Piotrowski P & Zhang J. (2023). Usability evaluation of an emergency alerting system to improve discrete communication during emergencies In Harris D & Li WC (eds), Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics. HCII 2023. Springer.
- Manikath E & Li WC. (2022). Usability evaluation of a web interface for passengers’ health monitoring system on detecting critical medical conditions In Harris D & Li WC (eds), Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics. HCII 2022. Springer.
- Li W-C, Kearney P & Braithwaite G. (2022). The Certification Processes of Multiple Remote Tower Operations for Single European Sky In Norbert Fürstena (ed.), Virtual and Remote Control Tower. Springer International Publishing.
- Li W-C, Kearney P & Braithwaite G. (2022). The Certification Processes of Multiple Remote Tower Operations for Single European Sky In Virtual and Remote Control Tower. Springer Nature.
- Zou P, Li WC & Zhang J. (2021). Implementation Digital Tower for Apron Control on a Large-Scale of International Airport. In Harris D & Li WC (eds), Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics. HCII 2021. Springer.
- WC , Zhang J, Kearney P & Braithwaite G. (2021). Psychophysical coherence training regulating air traffic controller’s heart rate variability and resilience to fatigue In Harris D & Li WC (eds), Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics. HCII 2021. Springer.
- Harris D & Li W-C (eds). (2020). Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics. Mental Workload, Human Physiology, and Human Energy
- Harris D & Li W-C (eds). (2020). Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics. Cognition and Design
- Chan WT-K & Li W-C. (2020). Assessing Professional Cultural Differences Between Airline Pilots and Air Traffic Controllers In Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics. Cognition and Design (12187 LNAI). Springer International Publishing.
- Kearney P, Li W-C & Braithwaite G. (2019). Roster and Air Traffic Controller’s Situation Awareness In Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics (11571 LNAI). Springer International Publishing.
- Jakubowski J & Li W-C. (2019). Enhancing Aviation Simulator de-Briefs Through the Integration of Student Eye Tracking: The Instructor’s Perspective In Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics (11571 LNAI). Springer International Publishing.
- Horn A, Li W-C & Braithwaite G. (2018). Human-Centered Design of Flight Mode Annunciation for Instantaneous Mode Awareness In Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics (10906 LNAI). Springer International Publishing.
- Horn A, Li W-C & Braithwaite G. (2018). Human-centred design of flight mode annunciation for instantaneous mode awareness In Proceedings of 2018 International Conference on Human Computer Interaction: Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics. Springer.
- Kearney P, Li W-C & Braithwaite G. (2018). Human Performance Assessment of Multiple Remote Tower Operations Simultaneous Take-Off and Landing at Two Airports In Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics (10906 LNAI). Springer International Publishing.
- Harris D & Li WC. (2017). Error on the flight deck: Interfaces, organizations, and culture In Boy GA(ed.), The Handbook of Human-Machine Interaction: A Human-Centered Design Approach. Ashgate.
- Li W-C, Cao J, Lin J-H, Braithwaite G & Greaves M. (2017). The Evaluation of Pilot’s First Fixation and Response Time to Different Design of Alerting Messages In Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics: Performance, Emotion and Situation Awareness (10275 LNAI). Springer International Publishing.
- Kearney P, Li W-C, Braithwaite G & Greaves M. (2017). The Investigation Human-Computer Interaction on Multiple Remote Tower Operations In Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics: Performance, Emotion and Situation Awareness (10275 LNAI). Springer International Publishing.
- Li W-C. (2017). The Causal Factors of Aviation Accidents Related to Decision Errors in the Cockpit by System Approach* In Decision Making in Aviation. Routledge.
- Li W-C, White J, Braithwaite G, Greaves M & Lin J-H. (2016). The Evaluation of Pilot’s Situational Awareness During Mode Changes on Flight Mode Annunciators In Don Harris (ed.), Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics (9736). Springer International Publishing.
- Ho H-F, Su H-S, Li W-C, Yu C-S & Braithwaite G. (2016). Pilots’ Latency of First Fixation and Dwell Among Regions of Interest on the Flight Deck In Don Harris (ed.), Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics (9736). Springer International Publishing.
- Harris D & Li WC. (2015). Decision making in aviation
- Kearney P & Li W-C. (2015). The Efficiency of New Audio Alerts in the COOPANS Eurocat System In Harris Don (ed.), Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics (9174, 9174). Springer International Publishing.
- Li W-C, Durando D & Ting L-Y. (2014). The analysis of incidents related to automation failures and human factors in flight operations In Sharples S & Shorrock S (eds), Contemporary Ergonomics and Human Factors 2014. Taylor & Francis.
- Chen J-C, Chi C-F & Li W-C. (2013). The Analysis of Safety Recommendation and Human Error Prevention Strategies in Flight Operations In Harris D(ed.), Lecture Notes in Computer Science (8020 LNAI). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
- Hsu Y-L, Li W-C & Tang C-H. (2013). The Use of Eye Tracking in the Study of Airline Cabin Safety Communication In Harris D(ed.), Lecture Notes in Computer Science (8020 LNAI). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
- Liu S-Y, Chi C-F & Li W-C. (2013). The Application of Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) to Investigate Human Errors in Helicopter Accidents In Harris D(ed.), Lecture Notes in Computer Science (Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 8020 LNAI). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
- Li W-C, Chiu F-C, Kuo Y-S & Wu K-J. (2013). The Investigation of Visual Attention and Workload by Experts and Novices in the Cockpit In Harris D(ed.), Lecture Notes in Computer Science (8020 LNAI). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
- Harris D & Li WC. (2011). Error on the flight deck: Interfaces, organizations, and culture In Boy GA(ed.), The Handbook of Human-Machine Interaction: A Human-Centered Design Approach. Ashgate.
- Li W-C, Harris D, Li L-W & Wang T. (2009). The Differences of Aviation Human Factors between Individualism and Collectivism Culture In Jacko JA(ed.), Human-Computer Interaction. Interacting in Various Application Domains (5613 LNCS). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
- Li W-C & Harris D. (2007). Confucius in Western Cockpits: The Investigation of Long-Term Versus Short-Term Orientation Culture and Aviation Accidents In Harris D(ed.), Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics (4562 LNAI). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
